Earlier this year I flew back to England and finally opened the boxes I'd left behind when I moved to Australia.
I hadn’t meant to abandon my stuff. I’d always thought my family (and my things) would eventually migrate to join me, but for decades they didn’t come and then one day it was too late: my mum was dead. In the week of her funeral, my stepdad hauled down my boxes from the closet in the spare room. Packed inside were the remnants of my adolescence and childhood: my vinyl record collection, frozen in time in the mid-1980s, and my stamp collection, untouched since the early 1970s.
I leafed uneasily through the Stanley Gibbons Jet Age Stamp Album, published in 1966, the year that England won the FIFA World Cup. The print date seems significant. As a boy, I learned of the existence of other cities from the football results, and the presence of other countries from my stamp album.
The album is a loose-leaf binder. Its cover design is a collage of stamps from Rhodesia and Nyasaland, the Niger, Israel, Bulgaria, Hungary and Upper Volta, featuring rockets launching, aircraft soaring and satellites blasting into space. Who today remembers the optimism of the Jet Age? Or, for that matter, Stanley Gibbons, the pioneer of philately, ‘by Royal appointment’, no less?
I learned so much from stamps, and the education survived when the teacher was forgotten. Tiny facts stuck in my mind: ‘CCCP’ was the Cyrillic abbreviation for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; ‘Magyar Posta’ was the imprimatur of Hungarian Post; republics that were not democracies were the only nations to call themselves ‘democratic republics’. So I always knew that the USSR used an exotic alphabet; the word ‘Magyar’ pertained to Hungary; and East German and North Korea were communist dictatorships.
At the head of each printed section in the Stanley Gibbons Jet Age binder is the name of the stamp- issuing nation’s capital city and currency, and often a single-paragraph profile of the country. The entry for Great Britain named London as ‘the largest city in the world’ (it’s not even in the top 10 anymore) and reminded young philatelists that ‘traditionally no British stamps bear the name of the country’, a convention that dates from 1840, ‘when Britain issued the world’s first adhesive postage stamp, the famous “Penny Black”’.
Australia, meanwhile, was a British Dominion, home of the ‘kangaroo, kookaburra and duck-billed platypus’ and a major producer of ‘meat, wool, butter and cheese’. As I browsed my album, I was buffeted by a storm of memories I had never previously revisited — of buying bags of 50, 100 or 200 ‘mixed stamps’ from the local newsagent, emptying the packets, spilling out my treasure onto a desk built by my grandad, sifting the stamps into countries, panning for a Penny Black.
At school, philately was considered an introverted but not eccentric interest — although boys whose only hobby was hurting other people would sometimes ask, ‘Do you collect stamps?’ and if you said ‘yes’ they would stamp on your foot. (The same boys baited a similar trap for numismatists, by asking if they wanted a pound.)
My mum’s oldest sister migrated to the land of the kangaroo, kookaburra and duck-billed platypus and sent back airmails labelled ‘par avion’. At first, I trimmed around the perforations to cut the stamps from her letters and later I steamed them off over the spout of a gas kettle.
As a novice, I used to paste stamps into my album, until I heard that glue damaged the stamps and careful collectors used hinges. I began to buy packets of hinges from the newsagent too, and acquired arcane tools such as tweezers, whose purpose I can’t recall, and a watermark detector, although I don’t remember ever detecting a watermark — or why anyone would want to.
Later, my grandad gave me a new, leatherbound Stanley Gibbons album, its cardboard pages tiered with slide-in mounts to obviate the need for hinges. But the new album was for the display of mint-condition stamps, which I couldn’t afford to buy with my pocket money. My grandad used to give me presents of new sets of British stamp issues, but his generosity took the prospecting out of collecting and I began to lose interest.
When my mum left my dad, we moved into a flat with my stepdad, who also had a stamp album, and I guess that kept the conversation going for a while, but I think the hobby was over for me by the time I turned 12.
It hurts me now to think that my grandad might have been disappointed, or felt me ungrateful. My own grandchildren, if I ever have any, will never use a postage stamp — or a coin, or a newsagent. The Jet Age will look like the Dark Ages to them.
The last foreign stamp I was ever given was issued by the People’s Democratic Republic of Vietnam and featured Viet Cong guerrillas in action during the Vietnam War. It was presented to me by my careers teacher when I left school in 1979. He called it ‘the school prize for subversion’.
Less than 10 years later, I left England for good, to spend years travelling a world that I had first heard of from stamps. When I came back home for my stamp album, the most important things that I had left behind had gone: first my grandad, and then my mum.
Library stamps
The State Library of NSW holds three historically significant collections of stamps, none of which are currently on permanent display: The HL White Postage Stamp Collection, 1838–1913; the Armstrong Stamp Collection, 1850–1871; and the Sir William Dixson Stamp Collection, 1850–1952. They are stored securely in the basement, where they can be viewed by appointment only.
The collections include pre-Federation stamps from the colonies and Federation-era stamps from the Commonwealth, as well as antique international stamps.
The Henry Parkes letter sheet
Until the Great Post Office Reforms of 1839–1840, letters in the United Kingdom were delivered in person to the addressee, who was generally expected to pay the postage. The reforms ushered in the Uniform Penny Post, by which letters could be sent between any two places in the UK for a standard rate of one penny. The year 1840 saw the introduction of the Penny Black, a one-penny stamp printed by Perkins Bacon in London, showing the head of Queen Victoria against a black background.
The Royal Mail also began to issue prepaid letter sheets, a version of which had originated in the colony of NSW two years earlier.
The first prepaid letter sheet in the world was an approximately A4-sized sheet of paper impressed with the Post Office seal and valid for postage anywhere in Sydney for one penny.
The HL White Collection has an example of a letter sheet addressed to Henry Parkes and thought to have been used in 1843. The collection belonged to wealthy grazier Henry White, who was author Patrick White’s favourite paternal uncle. As well as a philatelist, he was a prominent ornithologist and oologist (that’s a student of birds’ eggs, obviously).
The Sydney View
Stanley Gibbons’ first book of stamps for exchange included the first NSW issued stamp — and the first Australian gummed stamp — the one-penny Sydney View, locally printed in 1850 from hand-engraved copper plates.
The design of the stamp mimics NSW’s early Great Seal, granted to the colony in the reign of George IV, which shows convicts landing in Botany Bay greeted by a figure representing Industry, whose bale, beehive, shovel and pickaxe promise to free them from their chains and allow them to settle prosperously and securely in the city on the horizon. (This is quite a lot of information to include on a small postage stamp.)
The White Collection includes a reconstructed sheet of cancelled (essentially, postmarked) Sydney Views, with minor printing variations between each of the 25 stamps.
The Inverted Black Swan
Gibbons’ first stamp book also contained the first Western Australian stamp, the one-penny Black Swan, which was engraved by Perkins Bacon and issued in 1854.
The White Collection has a rare 1855 Inverted Black Swan, one of only 14 or so such stamps in existence. This four-pencedenominated blue stamp was printed in two plates. The image of the swan is the right way up, but the frame that surrounds it is upside down. This was one of the world’s first invert errors on a stamp, and it remains Australia’s most valuable stamp error.
The Diadem
The rather primitive-looking Sydney View stamps were quickly replaced in NSW by stamps bearing a bust of Queen Victoria wearing a laurel wreath, which were superseded themselves in 1856 by an image of the queen modelling a diadem.
The plates for the Diadem stamp were made by Perkins Bacon.
Engineer Clive Armstrong was something of a Diadem completist. In fact, more than two-thirds of the Armstrong Stamp Collection comprises two-penny Diadems.
The Consumptives Home
An issue of stamps to raise money to establish the Queen Victoria Home for Consumptives was produced in NSW in 1897.
The stamps came in denominations of one shilling and two shillings and sixpence, but their postal values were only one penny and two-and-a-half pence respectively. The balance was donated to the appeal. Only a relatively small number of these charity stamps were printed. Some collectors believed that they were too expensive and not even real stamps.
Businessman Sir William Dixson was a keen philatelist and bibliophile, who bequeathed his collection of books, maps and manuscripts to the State Library of NSW to form the Dixson Library. The Dixson Stamp Collection has a full sheet of the shilling stamp.
Kangaroo and Map
Postage stamps from the colonies remained in use after Federation, until the first Commonwealth stamp issue, the Kangaroo and Map series, was introduced in 1913.
A competition to design the stamp, with a first prize of £100, was open to anyone in the world. In the end, however, Postmaster-General Charlie Frazer disregarded the result of the contest and chose instead a draft illustration submitted by Postmaster-General Charlie Frazer.
Frazer’s stamp shows an outline of mainland Australia almost filled by a kangaroo, whose ears reach to the Gulf of Carpentaria while its tail almost tickles Melbourne. Tasmania, meanwhile, looks uneasily like the kangaroo’s dropping.
Frazer’s design met with disdain from the Melbourne Argus, which felt it ‘very annoying to find that our country is to be represented in the eyes of the world by a grotesque and ridiculous symbol, and that she will be a laughingstock even to childish stamp-collectors of every nation’.
Nevertheless, presentation sheets comprising a full set of the 15 denominations of Kangaroo and Map stamps, from the lowest value of one halfpenny to the highest value of two pounds, were presented by Frazer to each of his fellow members of parliament. Only a few sheets have survived, but the Dixson Stamp Collection preserves one of them.
Mark Dapin is a novelist, historian, true crime writer, journalist and screenwriter. His article on library tourism appeared in Openbook Summer 2022.
This story appears in Openbook spring 2023.
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